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Fidya

Fasting during Ramadan is an important and gratifying aspect of faith; it is the fourth pillar of Islam and is a tough act of worship. Allah allows Muslims who cannot complete the fast due to circumstances beyond their control to compensate for the fast. The act to compensate for missed fasts is known as the ‘Fidya’. It is an obligatory payment that Muslims must make if they cannot fast for a reasonable cause and will not be able to make up the fasts later. According to Islamic law, one must utilize their Fidya to offer two meals for people in need for every fast they have skipped during Ramadan.

The charity is done in exchange for fasts missed by someone due to illness or old age in Ramadan. Fidya is only accepted for genuinely missed fasts and not for the deliberate omission of fasting days.

People who are qualified to pay Fidya for not fasting:

Pregnant women
People suffering from long-term illnesses
Individuals who get sick for a brief period during Ramadan
People on medication

Kaffara

Kaffara is a religious donation of money or food made to help those in need.

Kaffara is made for fasts missed unnecessarily – for example, if someone breaks a fast in the month of Ramadan without a valid reason. To make up for the broken fast must free one slave and if unable to do so, they must fast continuously for 60 days. If they are unable to do that, they have to give charitable compensation for the cost of an average meal for 60 poor people. In the UK, the 2021 Kaffara rate is £5 per person, amounting to £300 for each intentionally broken fast.

Paying a Kaffarah is also necessary for Islam for breaking a promise or an oath.